آموزش صفت و حرف اضافه و کاربردهای آن (به زبان ساده)
در این مطلب قصد داریم شما را با موضوع مهمی تحت عنوان ترکیبات صفت و حرف اضافه (Adjective-Preposition Combinations) آشنا کنیم.
صفت در زبان انگلیسی چیست؟
صفت‌ها کلماتی هستند که برای توصیف یک شخص، مکان یا چیز به کار م‍ی‌روند، به عنوان مثال:
- The tall man in the red shirt is a friend of mine.
- We drove along a quiet road until reaching a small town.
- I’m reading an interesting book.
حروف اضافه در زبان انگلیسی چیست؟
حروف اضافه کلماتی هستند که برای اتصال دو ایده یا نشان دادن رابطه بین دو مفهوم استفاده می‌شوند. نمونه‌هایی از حروف اضافه در زبان انگلیسی عبارتند از
at, in, on, for, to, with, و from.
ترکیبات صفت و حرف اضافه (Adjective+Preposition Combinations)
موارد زیادی وجود دارد که در آنها صفت‌ها با حروف اضافه ترکیب می‌شوند – اما هیچ قانونی وجود ندارد که مشخص کند چه زمانی از کدام ترکیب استفاده شود. همان‌طور که بیشتر انگلیسی می‌خوانید و گوش می‌دهید، بیشتر و بیشتر با نحوه‌ی استفاده از این ترکیبات صفت و حرف اضافه (Adjective-Preposition Combinations) آشنا می‌شوید.
در اینجا چند مورد از رایج‌ترین ترکیبات صفت و حرف اضافه در زبان انگلیسی آورده شده است:
صفت و حرف اضافه At
SURPRISED AT, ANGRY AT, GOOD AT, TERRIBLE AT
- I’m surprised at how fast my students are learning.
- My mother is angry at me because I forgot her birthday.
- Jamila is good at songwriting and painting.
- He’s terrible at math – he failed the class twice!
صفت و حرف اضافه Of
PROUD OF, AFRAID OF, FOND OF, FULL OF
- You practiced a lot and gave a great performance – I’m proud of you!
- Jewell is afraid of swimming in the ocean.
- The kids are very fond of the puppy.
- The mall is always full of teenagers on the weekend.
صفت و حرف اصافه With
SATISFIED WITH, BUSY WITH, FED UP WITH, ASSOCIATED WITH
- I wasn’t satisfied with the customer service at the bank.
- We’ve been working overtime lately because we’ve been busy with a new project.
- I was fed up with my boyfriend’s lies, so I ended the relationship.
- There are many health risks associated with smoking.
صفت و حرف اضافه In
DISAPPOINTED IN, SKILLED IN, INTERESTED IN, INVOLVED IN
- The teacher was disappointed in the behavior of the class.
- She was highly skilled in physics and chemistry.
- Giovanni is interested in classic English literature.
- Marlene is very involved in volunteer work.
ترکیب صفت و حرف اضافه in در برخی اوقات با ترکیب صفت و حرف اضافه at یکی می‌باشد؛ مانند:
- She’s skilled at soccer. She’s skilled in playing soccer.
صفت و حرف اضافه For
KNOWN FOR, GOOD FOR, TERRIBLE FOR, EXCELLENT FOR
- Brazil is known for its wonderful music and friendly people.
- Chocolate and red wine are actually good for your heart!
- Looking at screens all day is bad for your eyesight.
- Playing memory games is excellent for improving your brain function.
صفت و حرف اضافه To
MARRIED TO, FRIENDLY TO, SIMILAR TO, RUDE TO
- He’s married to an Australian woman.
- Everyone I met on the trip was friendly to me.
- The movie is very similar to the book.
- The little boy was punished after being rude to his grandfather.
تمرین برای شما
از بین ترکیب‌های صفت و حرف اضافه زیر گزینه‌ی درست را انتخاب کنید:
- He has been married ……………………………. her for more than three decades.
- The Irish are very proud ………………………………. their sense of humor.
- He is interested ………………………………. the supernatural.
- I am pleased ……………………………………… your promotion.
- She was angry …………………………………. me for revealing her secret.
- I am getting anxious ……………………………………… his health.
- We are all anxious ……………………………………… an amicable solution to this problem.
- She is anxious ………………………………… reunite with her family.
- You can’t be independent ……………………………….. your parents until you find a job.
- Why can’t you be polite ………………………………… him?
- Both parents are responsible ………………………………… raising a child.
- I feel really sorry ……………………………………. his wife.
زبان رو به‌صورت ساده، روان و کاربردی همراه با فان و سرگرمی یاد بگیر.
