آموزش قواعد فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی (به زبان ساده) | 11 کاربرد رایج

آموزش قواعد فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی (به زبان ساده) | 11 کاربرد رایج

فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی عمدتا برای موارد زیر استفاده می‌شود: 

• talk about the past
• talk about the future in the past
• express the conditional mood

همچنین برای عملکرد‌های دیگر نیز استفاده می‌شود:

• expressing desire, polite requests and questions, opinion or hope, wish و regret

ساختار فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی 

ساختار اولیه فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی اینگونه است: 

توجه داشته باشید که:

• فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی غیر قابل تغییر است و فقط یک شکل دارد. 
• فعل اصلی معمولاً به صورت پایه است (He would go).

با جملات مثبت، منفی و سوالی دوباره به ساختار اصلی نگاه کنید:

توجه داشته باشید که فعل اصلی گاهی اوقات به شکل زیر است:

• have + past participle (He would have gone)
• be + -ing (He would be going)

فعل اصلی نمی‌تواند همراه با to باشد. ما نمی‌توانیم بگوییم: He would to like coffee

مراقب باشید! توجه داشته باشید که would و had have شکل کوتاه d’ را دارند:

– He’d finished = He had finished
– He’d like coffee = He would like coffee

کاربردهای فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی 

would for the past – فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی

ما اغلب از فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی به عنوان نوعی زمان گذشته از will یا going to استفاده می‌کنیم.

• Even as a boy, he knew that he would succeed in life.
• I thought it would rain so I brought my umbrella.

استفاده از فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی به عنوان نوعی زمان گذشته از will یا going to در reported speech رایج است:

• She said that she would buy some eggs. (“I will buy some eggs.”)
• The candidate said that he wouldn’t increase taxes. (“I won’t increase taxes.”)
• Why didn’t you bring your umbrella? I told you it would rain! (“It’s going to rain.”)

ما اغلب برای صحبت نکردن در مورد امتناع‌های گذشته از  would notاستفاده می‌کنیم:

• He wanted a divorce but his wife would not agree.
• Yesterday morning, the car wouldn’t start.

ما گاهی اوقات هنگام صحبت کردن در مورد رفتارهای معمول گذشته از فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی (و نه مانند used to) استفاده می‌کنیم:

• Every weekday my father would come home from work at 6pm and watch TV.
• Every summer we’d go to the seaside.
• Sometimes she’d phone me in the middle of the night.
• We would always argue. We could never agree.

would for the future in past – فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی

هنگامی که در مورد گذشته صحبت می‌کنیم، می توانیم از فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی برای بیان چیزی استفاده کنیم که در زمانی که صحبت می‌کنیم اتفاق نیفتاده است:

• In London she met the man that she would one day marry.
• He left 5 minutes late, unaware that the delay would save his life.

would for conditionals – فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی

ما اغلب برای بیان شرطی‌های نوع دوم و سوم از فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی استفاده می‌کنیم: 

• If he lost his job, he would have no money.
• If I had won the lottery, I would have bought a car.

با استفاده از ساختار جملات شرطی، ما اغلب در هنگام ارائه توصیه از  would در انگلیسی استفاده می‌کنیم:

• I wouldn’t eat that if I were you.
• If I were in your place I‘d refuse.
• If you asked me, I would say you should go.

گاهی اوقات شرط “فهمیده” می‌شود و لازم نیست عبارت “if” وجود داشته باشد:

• Someone who liked John would probably love John’s father. (If someone liked John, they would probably love John’s father.)

• You’d never know it. (If you met him you would never know that he was rich.)

• Why don’t you invite Mary? I’m sure she’d come.

اگرچه همیشه یک فعل اصلی وجود دارد، اما گاهی اوقات آن را درک می‌کنند (بیان نمی‌کنند) مانند:

• I’d like to stay. | I wish you would. (Would stay)

• Do you think he’d come? | I’m sure he would. (Would come)

• Who would help us? | John would. (Would help us)

would for desire or inclination – بیان تمایل 

• I‘d love to live here.
• Would you like some coffee?
• What I‘d really like is some tea.

would for polite requests and questions – بیان درخواست رسمی و سوال 

• Would you open the door, please?
• مودبانه‌تر از: Open the door, please 
• Would you go with me? 
• مودبانه‌تر از: Will you go with me?
• Would you know the answer? 
• مودبانه‌تر از: Do you know the answer?
• What would the capital of Nigeria be? 

• مودبانه‌تر از: What is the capital of Nigeria?

would for opinion or hope – بیان نظر و امید داشتن 

• I would imagine that they’ll buy a new one.
• I suppose some people would call it torture.
• I would have to agree.
• I would expect him to come.
• Since you ask me I’d say the blue one is best.

would for wish – بیان آرزو 

• I wish you would stay. (I really want you to stay. I hope you will stay.)
• They don’t like me. I’m sure they wish I’d resign.

توجه داشته باشید که همه این کاربردها نوعی فاصله یا دوری را بیان می‌کنند:

• دوری در زمان (زمان گذشته)
• دور بودن احتمال 
• دوری بین سخنرانان (رسمی، ادب)

would for presumption or expectation – بیان انتظار 

• That would be Jo calling. I’ll answer it.
• We saw a police helicopter overhead yesterday morning. | Really? They would have been looking for those bank robbers.

would for uncertainty – بیان تردید 

• He would seem to be getting better. 
• He seems to be getting better / مانند این جمله مطمئن نیست.
• It would appear that I was wrong. 
• It appears that I was wrong / مانند این جمله آنچنان مطمئن نیست. 

would for derogatory comment – کامنت‌های تحقیر کننده 

• They would say that, wouldn’t they?
• John said he didn’t steal the money. | Well, he would, wouldn’t he?

would that for regret /poetic – فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی در شعر و حسرت

این استفاده نادر، شاعرانه یا ادبی از فعل کمکی would در انگلیسی است که ساختار عادی را ندارد:

• Would that it were true! (If only it were true! We wish that it were true!)
• Would that his mother had lived to see him become president.

انگلیش توربو

زبان رو به‌صورت ساده، روان و کاربردی همراه با فان و سرگرمی یاد بگیر.